Necessary and sufficient conditions to Bernstein theorem of a Hessian equation

Abstract

The Hessian quotient equations S k , l ( D 2 u ) ≡ S k ( D 2 u ) S l ( D 2 u ) = 1 , ∀ x ∈ R n \begin{equation} S_{k,l}(D^2u)\equiv \frac {S_k(D^2u)}{S_l(D^2u)}=1, \ \ \forall x\in {\mathbb {R}}^n \end{equation} were studied for k − k- th symmetric elementary function S k ( D 2 u ) S_k(D^2u) of eigenvalues λ ( D 2 u ) \lambda (D^2u) of the Hessian matrix D 2 u D^2u , where 0 ≤ l > k ≤ n 0\leq l>k\leq n . For l = 0 l=0 , (0.1) is reduced to a k − k- Hessian equation S k ( D 2 u ) = 1 , ∀ x ∈ R n . \begin{equation} S_k(D^2u)=1, \ \ \forall x\in {\mathbb {R}}^n. \end{equation} Two quadratic growth conditions were found by Bao-Cheng-Guan-Ji [American J. Math. 125 (2013), pp. 301–316] ensuring the Bernstein properties of (0.1) and (0.2) respectively. In this paper, we will drop the point wise quadratic growth condition of Bao-Cheng-Guan-Ji and prove three necessary and sufficient conditions to Bernstein property of (0.1) and (0.2), using a reverse isoperimetric type inequality, volume growth or L p L^p -integrability respectively. Our new volume growth or L p − L^p- integrable conditions improve largely various previously known point wise conditions provided Bao et al.; Chen and Xiang [J. Differential Equations 267 (2019), pp. 52027–5219]; Cheng and Yau [Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 39 (1986), pp. 8397–866]; Li, Ren, and Wang [J. Funct. Anal. 270 (2016), pp. 26917–2714]; Yuan [Invent. Math. 150 (2002), pp. 1177–125], etc.