Nebulizer therapy for lung diseases

Abstract

The article presents data on the use of nebulizer therapy for major respiratory diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchial asthma. The conditions for using aerosol-producing devices for new COVID-19 coronavirus infection, in the hospital and at home are also given. Historical aspects of the creation and use of devices for nebulizer therapy are considered. A differentiated approach is given when choosing an inhaler depending on the clinical situation, taking into account the need to use devices with a high level of precipitated fine particle fraction of the pharmaceutical aerosol, external minimal losses, with a reduced inhalation time and an economical treatment regime with optimal medication consumption. These advantages are inherent to nebulizers of the company PARI: PARI BOY SX and VELOX®. In patients with COPD, options for using nebulizer therapy in a stable state and in exacerbation are considered. It is emphasized that the inhaled route of administration of drugs provides direct penetration of the drug into the respiratory tract and, thus, contributes to a more effective drug effect. In addition, the inhalation route of administration reduces the potential risk of side effects. In patients with bronchial asthma, priority is given to the appointment of inhaled corticosteroids and β2-agonists in exacerbation. Data on the main types of devices, their advantages and disadvantages are provided. In conclusion, it is concluded that nebulizer therapy is a modern way to deliver the drug to the respiratory tract. In a number of clinical situations, the use of nebulizers is the only way to deliver the drug to a pathological focus. The use of nebulizers significantly expands the treatment options for patients with COPD and BA, reduces the need for hospitalization, and prevents the development of severe exacerbations.