Abstract
Here, we report the operation of a superconducting single-electron transistor (S-SET) as a fast and nearly quantum-limited charge-sensitive amplifier. By operating the S-SET such that Cooper pair tunneling is resonant across both of its tunnel junctions, we are able to achieve an excellent charge sensitivity of δq = 1.6 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> e/√(Hz), while also minimizing back action. We find that near its optimal operating point, the S-SET can have both a very low noise temperature T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sub> ≈ 50 mK and a large power gain A <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SET</sub> >;>; 1. These results indicate that our S-SET operates within a factor of 2 of the quantum limit.
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