Nearly deterministic preparation of the perfectWstate with weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities

Abstract

Relying on weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities, we propose a nearly deterministic generation scheme of the three-photon polarization-entangled perfect $W$ state which can be applied to the perfect teleportation of an unknown single-photon state and has robust entanglement against the loss of one photon of them. Three photons entangle together by virtue of the bus function of the coherent state serving as the intermediate among them. In the scheme, three processes are executed successively and two kinds of modules are inserted into the circuit, where the homodyne measurement and the photon number measurement are aptly performed. By means of classical feedforward techniques, single-photon unitary transformation operations are performed on the corresponding photons based on the obtained measurement outcomes, by which the generation efficiency of the perfect $W$ state aims to nearly unity. Moreover, some currently available optical elements are applied in the generation process, which offer facilities for the practical implementation.