Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that there are some similarities of action between retinoids and carotenoids. The discovery of a family of nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR) with a high affinity for the ligand raised the possibility that the conversion of carotenoids to retinoids could activate the RAR [1]. It was also reported that carotenoids of saffron and especially their derivatives, crocins (CRCS), or pure derivatives, crocetin (CRT) and dimethylcrocetin (DMCRT), could be used as alternative antitumour agents in cancer chemotherapy because of their lower toxicity at high doses [2]. For DMCRT, it was shown that it induces maximum differentiation almost equally effective as ATRA at a concentration of 5 μM [3].
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