Abstract
A III-V compound semiconductor nanowire is an attractive material for a novel hybrid quantum interface that interconnects photons, electrons, and phonons through a wavelength-tunable quantum structure embedded in its free-standing structure. In such a nanomechanical element, however, a challenge is how to detect and manipulate a small number of phonons via its tiny mechanical motion. A solution would be to couple an optical cavity to a nanowire by introducing the ‘cavity optomechanics' framework, but the typical size difference between them becomes a barrier to achieving this. Here, we demonstrate near-field coupling of a silica microsphere cavity and an epitaxially grown InP/InAs free-standing nanowire. The evanescent optomechanical coupling enables not only fine probing of the nanowire’s mechanical motion by balanced homodyne interferometry but also tuning of the resonance frequency, linewidth, Duffing nonlinearity, and vibration axis in it. Combining this cavity optomechanics with epitaxial nanowire engineering opens the way to novel quantum metrology and information processing.
Highlights
A III-V compound semiconductor nanowire is an attractive material for a novel hybrid quantum interface that interconnects photons, electrons, and phonons through a wavelengthtunable quantum structure embedded in its free-standing structure
The optomechanical performance achieved in our experiment could be further improved by optimizing the optical taper-cavity coupling with additional positioners
20 MpHffiffiffiffizffiffi) m= Hz, which corresponds to the standard quantum limit in this nanowire mechanical resonator, if a similar level of optomechanical coupling, g0/2π = 100 Hz, is obtained with the probe power of 16 nW
Summary
A III-V compound semiconductor nanowire is an attractive material for a novel hybrid quantum interface that interconnects photons, electrons, and phonons through a wavelengthtunable quantum structure embedded in its free-standing structure. The evanescent optomechanical coupling enables fine probing of the nanowire’s mechanical motion by balanced homodyne interferometry and tuning of the resonance frequency, linewidth, Duffing nonlinearity, and vibration axis in it Combining this cavity optomechanics with epitaxial nanowire engineering opens the way to novel quantum metrology and information processing. We demonstrate near-field optomechanical coupling of a movable silica whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microsphere cavity (Q = 1.8 × 105) and an as-grown InP/InAs free-standing nanowire through an evanescent gradient force field (Fig. 1a) This near-field approach allows us to achieve a free access with an optical cavity to a subwavelength-scale mechanical element based on the use of telecom fiber optics[14,15,16,17,18,19]. We demonstrate high-sensitive displacement detection and optical control of mechanical motion in a single nanowire using this near-field cavity optomechanical coupling
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