Abstract
The demand for timber has increased significantly in recent years. Therefore, reliable tools are needed to predict the mechanical properties of sawn timber, especially for structural applications. Very complex models require a lot of input data for analysis, which cannot always be guaranteed, especially in industrial practice. Thus, a simplified model for material description was developed and assessed with experiments (static bending tests carried out in accordance with the guidelines suggested in the European standard EN 408) and an analytical approach (gamma method according to the guidelines given in the European standard EN 1995). The effective stiffness was calculated as a major parameter, which has an influence on the elements’ behavior. The model included a near-surface mounted (NSM) local reinforcement technique, with CFRP strips of Scots pine timber beams being subjected to bending stresses. It is anticipated that the developed model can be a starting point for the repair engineering field, contributing to decision-making regarding conservation technique selection and range. Next, improvements of the model will provide more and more realistic results for numerical analysis in terms of the obtained failure mechanisms for sawn timber elements.
Highlights
In terms of the deficit of raw wood material, especially of high-quality, and the general increase in prices, it is justified to take up the issue of using inferior quality wood in construction and using it for structural elements
The most important determinants of timber strength parameters is the presence of structural defects
The aim of this research was to develop a simplified model of nearsurface mounted (NSM) locally reinforced sawn timber elements
Summary
In terms of the deficit of raw wood material, especially of high-quality, and the general increase in prices, it is justified to take up the issue of using inferior quality wood in construction and using it for structural elements. The studies of wood on a macro scale show that analysis taking into account the simplification of knots to holes and the characteristics of the angle of fiber deviation only in the tangential plane is sufficiently accurate and does not cause significant errors in the estimation of strength parameters [14,15,16]. There are many models developed to estimate the load capacity of a solid timber element, weakened by the presence of structural defects: usually knots and/or fiber deviation. The aim of this research was to develop a simplified model of NSM locally reinforced sawn timber elements To achieve this aim, it was necessary to validate a model with the results obtained experimentally and analytically, with such comparisons being made at different levels. Validation was possible by verifying the displacement values, comparing the stress and strain distribution determined analytically on the basis of the data obtained from experimental and numerical investigation, and comparisons of the local bending stiffness related to sections weakened by the presence of knots calculated from such strain distribution [26]
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