Abstract
Near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) imaging modality holds great promise for tumor detection and offers several advantages of bioimaging, such as high tissue penetration with less background scattering. The disadvantage of NIRF bioimaging is that it has very low spatial resolution. Thus, the combination of NIRF with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a good option because MRI can provide anatomical information with a higher resolution. Heptamethine cyanine dye (MHI-148) has been reported to have tumor-targeting capability which was used here as the NIRF agent. DSPE-SPION nanoparticles were synthesized by the solvent hydration method and conjugated with MHI-148 dye to form a MRI/NIRF dual imaging probe. The size and charge of the MHI-DSPE-SPION were found to be about 84 ± 6 nm and 3.7 mV by DLS & Zeta Potential analysis. In vivo MRI of the SCC7 tumor showed an enhanced accumulation of MHI-DSPE-SPION, peaking at day 1, compared to 4 hrs with the control DSPE-SPION. An in vivo photothermal tumor reduction study was done on the SCC7 tumor of BALB/c nude mice. Tumor reduction study showed complete tumor removal after 8 days. In conclusion, MHI-DSPE-SPION can be used as a cancer theranostics material because it provides MRI-optical imaging capabilities and the photothermal therapy (PTT) effect.
Highlights
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an anatomical imaging technique that gives excellent spatial resolution in images[12]
Oleic-acid-coated Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition method to obtain uniform, 5 nm particles in size
Hydrophobic SPION was loaded onto DSPE-PEG-NH2 using the well-established solvent hydration method[15]
Summary
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an anatomical imaging technique that gives excellent spatial resolution in images[12]. DSPE-PEG is a biocompatible system that has been used to develop delivery systems for hydrophobic anti-cancer drugs[16, 17]. It has been used in photothermal applications with indocyanine green (ICG) dye[18]. NIRF heptamethine dyes, such as IR-780 and IR-820, have shown excellent photothermal effects in vitro and in vivo with or without nanoparticle conjugation[20]. The objective of our work was to study the action of MHI-DSPE-SPION as a NIRF-MRI dual mode contrast agent that shows long-term accumulation and an active targeting ability for MHI-148. This study aimed to prove the PTT effect of MHI-DSPE-SPION
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