Abstract
Subwavelength optical probes have been fabricated with micropipettes and nanofabricated optical fiber tips. A new near-field nanotechnology, photo-nanofabrication, has been developed, leading to a thousandfold miniaturization of immobilized Fiber Optical Chemical Sensors and to a billionfold decrease in necessary sample volume. Submicrometer pH sensors have been prepared by attaching a copolymer covalently to an activated nanofabricated fiber tip surface via near-field photo-polymerization. The sensors have demonstrated their excellent detection limit (zeptomoles) and fast response time (milliseconds). Applications of these subwavelength optical probes also include scanning tips, exciton probes and nanospectroscopy. Biological single cell analysis, supertip energy transfer, interfacial Kasha effect and near-field scanning spectroscopy illustrate our progress.
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