Near field distribution of solid dielectric diagonal horn antennas

Abstract

Aperture/near field distributions of solid dielectric diagonal horn antennas have been studied, both theoretically and experimentally. Solution of the Helmholtz equation is obtained for TE to x and TE to y modes using separation of variables technique for the horn. Transcendental equations for the transverse components of the propagation constants are obtained by applying proper boundary conditions, i.e. the continuity of the electric and magnetic fields at the dielectric-air boundaries. These transcendental equations are solved for the transverse propagation constants for the fundamental mode for three horns each 1 of axial length = 12.8 cm and flare angle = 8.5° and with dielectric constants ε 1 of the materials of the horns equal to 2.54, 2.56 and 2.80 at the frequency 9.418 GHz in the-band X-band. The theoretical aperture field distributions obtained for Hx 11 and Hy 11 modes propagating in these antennas are compared with corresponding