Abstract
THIRTY YEARS AGO, Professor Rene Verneau (I924) chose as the subject of his Huxley Memorial Lecture the study of the two groups of Neandertal and of Grimaldi. A detailed comparison of their characters led him to the conclusion that Neandertal man was the ancestor of Homo sapiens, at the time of whose advent the first races to be formed were Negroid races which still retained many primitive Neandertal features; and that it was from these races that the yellow and the white races later became secondarily differentiated (Fig. I, A). Three years afterwards, and again in a Huxley Memorial Lecture, Dr Ales FHrdlicka similarly asserted that Homo sapiens arose from the transformation of Neandertal man. Only, instead of considering the latter as a clearly delimited zoological group, he preferred to regard it as a 'phase' of an evolutionary series leading progressively from Pithecanthropus to present-day man (Fig. I, B).
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