Abstract
The first experimental work on recanalization of occluded arteries using laser was performed in the early 1980s [1, 2]. The feasibility of percutaneous transluminal laser angioplasty (PTLA) in humans in peripheral [3, 4], coronary [5], and carotid arteries [6, 7] was demonstrated by clinical pilot studies. These recanalization procedures were performed using bare quartz glass fibers and revealed a high perforation rate [3, 4, 8–10]. In addition the lumen of the recanalized segment was very small due to the small diameter of the bare fiber. To overcome the disadvantages of bare fiber PTLA, contact probes were introduced for laser angioplasty. Two different designs are currently under clinical investigation: the metal probe [11, 12] and the sapphire probe [10, 13].
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