Navigation of iliac crest graft harvest using markerless augmented reality and cutting guide technology: A pilot study.

Abstract

Defects of the facial skeleton often require complex reconstruction with vascularized grafts. This trial elucidated the usability, visual perception and accuracy of a markerless augmented reality (AR)-guided navigation for harvesting iliac crest transplants. Random CT scans were used to virtually plan two common transplant configurations on 10 iliac crest models, each printed four times. The transplants were harvested using projected AR and cutting guides. The duration and accuracies of the angulation, distance and volume between the planned and executed osteotomies were measured. AR was characterized by the efficient use of time and accurate rendition of preoperatively planned geometries. However, vertical osteotomies and complex anatomical settings displayed significant inferiority of AR guidance compared to cutting guides. This study demonstrated the usability of a markerless AR setup for harvesting iliac crest transplants. The visual perception and accuracy of the AR-guided osteotomies constituted remaining weaknesses against cutting guide technology.