Abstract

Selection of the type of filling and emptying systems is one of the most important considerations in the design of a lock. An end filling or emptying system is only one type and can be economically justified particularly where head differentials are small and the filling or emptying times are not critical. Devices for controlling flow into and out of the ends of locks include vertical-lift gates, slide gates, submergible gates, valves or small inset gates, sector-type gates, and loop culverts. Results of model tests on the Sacramento and Calumet Locks are summarized to demonstrate the use of sector-type gates that are generally used in American locks of the end filling and emptying type.

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