Navigating the nitrogen challenge: Strategies for wastewater management and sustainable resource recovery

Abstract

Water scarcity and the impact of nitrogen pollution from wastewater have emerged as pressing global concerns. This study delved into the hazards posed by nitrogen pollution, focusing on its sources, composition, and detrimental effects on both the environment and the agricultural sector. The primary research methodology involved a comparative analysis of various nitrogen control and recovery technologies, highlighting the technical effects and future application prospects of ammonia vapor stripping and adsorption nitrogen recovery. Findings revealed that while ammonia vapor stripping offers operational simplicity, it is energy-intensive and requires careful byproduct management. In contrast, adsorption nitrogen recovery provides a more energy-efficient method, though challenges like selectivity in the presence of contaminants persist. The study concludes by suggesting an integrated approach that combines both methods, optimized based on wastewater characteristics, and underscores the importance of byproduct valorization and the development of selective adsorbents. The ultimate goal is to ensure sustainable environmental solutions while maximizing resource optimization.