Naujųjų skolinių stilistinės išgalės kultūrinėje spaudoje

Abstract

The aim of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the use of new loanwords in the cultural press, i. e. to discuss the expression of loanwords and their functions. New loanwords refer to the words borrowed in the period of the restored independence of Lithuania. The research data embrace over 300 cases of the usage of new loanwords in the cultural press, which were collected from the Electronic Database of New Loanwords and their Equivalents. The database represents miscellaneous public written and electronic usage of new loanwords in 2014–2016. The data were collected during the project “The Research on Functioning of New Neologisms in the Standard Lithuanian Language: 2014–2016” implemented by the Department of Lithuanian Linguistics and Communication of Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences. The project is financed by the State Commission of the Lithuanian Language. On the basis of the research data, it can be stated that the new loanwords found in the cultural press may be divided into two distinctive groups from the functional perspective: 1) loanwords that entered the Lithuanian language to name new realities and, thus, perform a referential (i.e. informative) function, and 2) loanwords that are used for stylistic purposes and conduct expressive, social and poetic functions. A tendency is observed to distinguish the loanwords performing expressive, social and poetical functions by such means of graphic expression as inverted commas or italics, as well as to present them unassimilated or to assimilate them only morphologically. This helps to strengthen the stylistic effect, to make the language livelier and to draw the reader’s attention. The loanwords performing the referential function and conveying information usually are not graphically highlighted. There is a tendency to adapt them, i.e. to integrate them into the system of the Lithuanian language (it can be stated that the majority of such loanwords are likely to become terms (or are already considered as terms)). It can be assumed that from the functional perspective, the usage of new loanwords largely depends on the specificity of the analysed texts of the cultural press, which primarily target at an educated addressee with a broad cultural outlook. Keywords: new loanword, function, degree of loanword assimilation, graphic expression of loanwords, cultural press, addressee. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/zz.2017.7