Abstract
Discussion around anthropogenic climate change has occurred for over 100 years. However, in recent decades, these discussions have intensified due to increased confidence in scientific research highlighting adverse effects, increased knowledge breadth in climate science, and heightened public and political awareness and engagement on the topic. Climate change is now acknowledged as one of the biggest challenges and threats to modern lifestyles. Nature-based solutions (NBS), as a mediator and mitigator to adverse climate change effects, is an emerging area of expanding research collateral and practitioner literacy. To highlight current NBS knowledge, existing knowledge gaps, and research trends, a Quantitative Systematic Literature Review (QSLR) was undertaken (n = 54). This QSLR reveals the short temporal span of articles relating to NBS as a response to climate change, with most articles being of a research style format. NBS research focus areas were found to be dominated by ecological and infrastructure approaches to climate change mitigation, and ecological and technical positions were found to be most topical across the current climate change literature. Multiple knowledge gaps were identified by the review, namely the lack of broader conceptual approaches and knowledge acquisition regarding climate change responses via NBS, as well as the psychological relationship humans share with NBS and climate change, adverse or otherwise. These knowledge gaps highlight where future research inquiry may be directed to increase the value and completion of this research area. It is hoped that this QSLR will assist in increasing the profile of NBS in the multidisciplinary and complex response to anthropogenic climate change, as well as contribute to the growth in investment and implementation of NBS assets for a rigid and resilient global future.
Highlights
The International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was formed 30 years ago by the United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment)
Authoring some 100 documents, and providing critical data publicly available for further interrogation and interpretation by climate scientists and others, the IPCC is widely known as the peak body providing information on climate change and the resultant natural, political, economic, social, and ecological impacts [1]
Vegetation within water catchment zones is increasingly being used to trap pollutants and purify water and is receiving additional protection via legislation and improved statutory rigor, with evidence of this occurring globally. The success of these assets and installations are relatively well-known and can be seen to transcend decades of research, it is conceded that current rates of nature-based solutions (NBS) are alone insufficient in achieving a net-zero carbon emission base in most current developed regions which would have a considerable impact upon the future climate change trajectories
Summary
The International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was formed 30 years ago by the United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment). The IPCC has brought together a significant volume of global literature and research findings pertaining to climate change, anthropogenic or otherwise. Vegetation within water catchment zones is increasingly being used to trap pollutants and purify water and is receiving additional protection via legislation and improved statutory rigor, with evidence of this occurring globally. The success of these assets and installations are relatively well-known and can be seen to transcend decades of research, it is conceded that current rates of nature-based solutions (NBS) are alone insufficient in achieving a net-zero carbon emission base in most current developed regions which would have a considerable impact upon the future climate change trajectories
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