Abstract
Cytomixis is a widespread natural process of intercellular interaction, which is common for vegetative and generative tissues in both normal and pathological conditions. The origin, significance, and genetic control of cytomixis still remain partially unclear. The widespread point of view regarding the pathological nature of cytomixis is based on its singularity for plants with genetic instability and impaired homeostasis. Meiotic genes responsible for the segregation and organization of chromosomes, the activity of which is modified by environmental factors through the signal transduction system, seem to be involved in the genetic control of cytomixis. It is assumed that, via cytomoxis, on the one hand, an information contact can be reached as well as meiosis and gametogenesis are synchronized and, on the other hand, the genetic variety and heterozygosis of microsporocytes increase. The activity of cytomoxis varies within a wide interval. Mutagenesis, hybridization, induction, and polyploidy have the greatest influence on this activity. In this context, cytomixis may have a function of cell selection, which is activated by exceeding the threshold level of microsporocytes damage (or genetic disbalance).
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