Nature of the Features of Kimberlite Placement

Abstract

The obtained evidence of hot heterogeneous accretion of the Earth leads to a fundamentally new solution to genetic problems. According to these data, the kimberlites were formed as a result of the rise of the last residual melts of the bottom peridotite layer of the magmatic ocean, which arose as a result of impact heat release during accretion. The diamond crystallized due to the accumulation of carbon in the residual melts during fractionation. The absence of kimberlites in oceanic and collision regions is due to the expansion of the fractionation products of the magmatic ocean by surfaced mantle plumes during the formation of these regions. The all-earth distribution of the magmatic ocean explains the presence of kimberlites on all the studied ancient platforms. A very high degree of crystallization of the peridotite layer is the reason for the small volume of kimberlite residual melts and the bodies formed by them. The low temperature of kimberlite magmas caused their decompression solidification after boiling at the shallow stage of ascent and explosion under the influence of the high pressure of the fluid phase preserved by solidification. This is the reason for the formation of kimberlite pipes and the absence of kimberlite lavas.