Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effect of a concentrate solution pH value and of the composition in calcium, carbonate, and protein of a diluate solution to be treated by conventional electrodialysis on the fouling of cation-exchange membranes (CEM). It appeared that after demineralization of solutions containing CaCl 2 and CaCl 2 + Na 2CO 3 using a concentrate solution maintained at a pH of 12, mineral fouling appeared on both sides of the CEM. The nature of the deposits was identified as calcium hydroxide and/or carbonate on both surfaces. The mineral fouling presented an aggregation-like crystal following a carnation-like pattern of aggregates of small rhombohedral crystals with CaCl 2 added alone, while CaCl 2 + Na 2CO 3 yielded a smoother spherical crystal. Protein fouling was detected only on the CEM surface in contact with the diluate after demineralization of a solution containing CaCl 2 + Na 2CO 3 using a concentrate pH value of 2.
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