Abstract
Wetland utilization generates economic savings: because they rely on more natural methods, they are less expensive to build and operate than conventional sewage treatment. Furthermore, the purified water is suitable for reuse. Purified water for reuse is a very valuable asset as clean water is a scarce resource that is critical for human existence, to focus on preserving or constructing manmade wetlands in order to increase water availability over time and gain benefits from the ecosystem services provided. Wetlands for wastewater treatment can be used for a wide variety of applications, including: • Domestic sewage treatment • Agricultural washings, wastewaters and field runoff buffers • Industrial effluents and yard runoff filtration • Group housing and municipal sewage schemes and sludge disposal • Landfill runoff and other long-term low maintenance situations • Urban and road storm-water runoff, for both flow buffering and water filtration • Mine tailings and metal reclamation • Stream, river and lake restoration • Recreational and amenity applications • Flood control and habitat enhancement
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