Natural superhydrophobic surfaces and recent advances in synthetic superhydrophobic surfaces: A review

Abstract

This review uses modern technologies to discuss the hydrophobicity mechanism of various natural surfaces found and studied in recent decades and their chemical components and delicate surface structure. It also contains many invent inspired by lifelike superhydrophobic characters, and tons of human living has been solved with the help of these applications. Also, the theories of how low hysteresis is induced by high contact angle devoted to the ability of water-repellent, drag reduction, and self-cleaning of a bunch of natural creatures are presented along with their characteristics. Besides, some of the recent fast, eco-friendly fabrication methods of superhydrophobic are discussed with the application of superhydrophobic surfaces in industry. Furthermore, the problems and challenges currently facing how to make the fabrication methods of the superhydrophobic characters better fit the industrial manufacture.