NATURAL SECURITY (VULNERABILITY) OF GROUNDWATER USED FOR DRINKING WATER SUPPLY IN KIEV

Abstract

Purpose The article is devoted to security (vulnerability) of groundwater used for drinking water supply in Kiev. Object of research are groundwater horizons and complexes in territory of Kiev. Subject of researches is the groundwater horizons security. The purpose of researches is Kiev’s territory estimation from the point of view of hydrochemical groundwater changes security. Methodology The published scientific information about hydrogeology conditions of Kiev’s drinking groundwater horizon and complex changes for the period of their operation was analyzed. The groundwater complex (J2-3iv + K1-2zg-br) and groundwater horizon (J2or) were considered. They are used for drinking water supply from the end of XIX century. Were assembled and processed the groundwater chemical analyses actual data which used for drinking water supply. Data are accumulated and processed in geographic information system medium. Finding The problem of security for drinking groundwater in natural conditions and in conditions of anthropogenic influence is investigated. From the end XIX – beginning XX of century the groundwater complex (J2-3iv + K1-2zg-br) chemical structure has changed. The class of quality of water on ДСТУ 4808:2007 (State standard) as a whole has changed from first (excellent) up to third (satisfactory). The changes are unequal on the area and differ in various geomorphologic areas. The areas, on which there is an infringement of hydrogeology conditions under anthropogenic factor influence, are revealed with help of GIS-systems. The anthropogenic changes are fixed in the groundwater horizon (J2or) too. The researches of spatial mineralization change in the groundwater horizon (J2or) show that it essentially differs for different regions of city (fig. 1) and reaches the large meanings on the left coast of Dnieper. It also testifies to necessity of detailed researches of security of groundwater in view of geological and hydrogeological structure features.Results The areas of the anthropogenic violation hydrogeology conditions are revealed. The urgency of detailed studies of groundwater protection taking into account the geological and hydrogeology characteristics of the structure territory are proved. The received results may be used at designing system of hydrogeological monitoring