Natural Restoration of Biota According to Earth Remote Sensing Data

Abstract

Studies of the problem of natural recovery of biota are carried out within the boundaries of the influence of the closed mining enterprise “Kerbinsky mine of the Far Eastern Federal District from 2001 to 2011 Intensive development of gold and suprem deposits in the study area in the last century led to a huge accumulation of highly toxic mining waste. For their placement, the lands of the forest fund were seized. Large areas are disturbed here, where there is a weak natural renewal of vegetation. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to study the process of natural recovery of biota according to remote sensing data to ensure the environmental safety of gold mining. Based on the goal, the following tasks are defined: 1. Analyze and summarize the literary data on the named problem; 2. To study hyperspectral images, their decryption process, to analyze the relationship of the granulometric composition of soils with spectral reflectivity; 3. To calculate the areas of land disturbed by placer gold mining; 4. Develop proposals to reduce the negative impact of a mining facility on biota. Spectral analysis established high concentrations of compounds of copper, lead, zinc, mercury not only in waste, but also in environmental components. Experimental studies were conducted using methods of remote sensing of the Earth. The NDVI index was calculated, according to the formula NDVI = NIR - R / NIR + R, where NIR - the reflection coefficient in the near infrared region of the spectrum; RED - reflection coefficient in the red region of the spectrum. With the help of this index, the contours of the disturbed lands were also highlighted. The analyzed data indicate that in recent years (2011-2021) the area of disturbed land is increasing. The results of the NDVI calculation showed that in the summer months along the river valleys of the Kerbisky mining region, it is 0.15-0.25, which indicates the absence of vegetation or a low degree of development of the green mass. The root vegetation is completely destroyed. These guidelines, written in the style of a submission to J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., show the best layout for your paper using Microsoft Word. If you don’t wish to use the Word template provided, please use the following page setup measurements.