Abstract
Veredas are regarded as humid complexes of ecological, water and scenery significance in Cerrado biome related to water table outcrop. Direct alterations in these environments can lead to species diversity reduction and also facilitate biological invasion processes. Thus our study aims to investigate the natural regeneration, the coverage of woody vegetation and the invasive species in two sites in secondary successional stage in the central part of Cerrado biome. Our study was carried out at two sites located at Minas Gerais state, Brazil. We established plots randomly throughout transects laid perpendicularly to the vereda’s drain line. We used the line intercept method to analyze the vegetation coverage. We set five 10-m width transects in each of both areas, perpendicular to the vereda’s drain line to evaluate the distribution of invasive alien species in the two areas. The richness did not vary between communities (U = 67.50; p = 0.061); on the other hand we found significant difference in density estimates (U = 36.50; p = 0.002). We found significant difference between categories for soil coverage in both sites. Grasses showed the highest coverage when compared to the other categories (K = 45.06; p < 0.001 for site 1 and K = 67.47; p < 0.001 for site 2). We observed a zonation tendency in site 1, with a higher native grass coverage at middle and backwards zones (K = 7.734, p < 0.05). We only found Pinus caribaea Morelet individuals in the invasive species survey. We recorded 46 Pinus caribaea individuals at site 1 and 116 Pinus caribaea individuals at site 2. From the latter group we found 13 individuals within the vereda and 103 in the surrounding vegetation. Both sites have a high natural woody plant regeneration potential although the presence of alien grasses in the veredas’ edge and Pinus caribaea all over the humidity gradient highlights the vulnerability of these areas to biological invasion.
Highlights
Veredas are regarded as humid complexes of ecological, water and scenery significance in Cerrado biome (Figure 1)
The cluster analysis identified two distinct groups: one consists basically of the plots located at site 1 and the other one mainly of plots situated at site 2 (Figure 3)
The formation of distinct floristic zones between edge, middle and backwards plots is not clear we observed a lower similarity between edge and backwards plots when compared to all the other categories— comparison made amongst distinct categories and the same categories
Summary
Veredas are regarded as humid complexes of ecological, water and scenery significance in Cerrado biome (Figure 1). A vereda is a multiform area showing niches and habitats heterogeneity important to terrestrial and water fauna, plus contributing to the watercourses perenniality [1] [2]. This physiognomy only occurs when there is a water table outcrop surrounded by Mauritia flexuosa L.f. Since the tree-shrub layer is prevailing, this palm tree species occurrence is questionable when it comes to identify this sort of environment, so there might be areas bearing similar structure and plant composition in which this species does not occur [4]. The soil compaction, water table lowering and biological invasion are challenges that must be overcome in order to maintain and preserve these areas [7]
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