Abstract
The Antarctic continent can be expected to provide reference levels for all environmental and pollution studies due to its remoteness and restricted human activities. The Bhabha Atomic Research Center has participated in the eighth, ninth, and tenth Indian expeditions to Antarctica primarily to collect background baseline data on natural radioactivity, heavy metal concentration in soil, water, and biological specimens. The fairly complete database has been built upon the radioactivity and heavy metal concentrations in the samples. Background gamma radiation levels have also been measured by using the scintillation survey meter as well as thermoluminescent (TL) dosimeters. Indoor radon concentrations in air have been measured using solid-state nuclear track detector-based dosimeters. Positive and negative ion concentrations have also been measured. Baseline data generated by Bhabha Atomic Research Center on the radioactivity and heavy metal concentrations in the samples can be used as reference materials of radioactivity and trace metal concentrations in a remote environment unaffected by human activities.
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