Abstract
The article presents the research results dealing with the influence of such natural minerals as flint and shungite in relation to the following water parameters pH, TDS, conductivity, cations (NH4+, K+, Na+, Mg2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Ca2+) and anions (Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, F−, СО32−). It was found that crushed flint and shungite added to the water more significantly increases water hydrogen index if compared to sedimentation. Simultaneously total water mineralization decreases (causing electric 28,4 al conductivity decrease). Considerable decrease in calcium ions concentration (by 36.0 %) was detected in the water infused with shungite and by 20.5% in the water infused with flint. Considerable increase in K+ ions concentration in water infused with flint (46.3%) was revealed. As for the anions F− concentration decreased for both minerals - shungite and flint. These natural minerals are recommended for the treatment of tap water characterized with the increased hardness and excessive fluoride ions content.
Highlights
Nowadays the water quantity used by people for drinking and technical purposes is increasing annually
The water used from natural surface sources is so heavily polluted that it is harmful to use it for drinking and technical purposes without preliminary treatment
The experiments revealed that during 11 days the hydrogen index rise was detected for both tap water infused with shungite and flint, and in the control sample
Summary
Nowadays the water quantity used by people for drinking and technical purposes is increasing annually. The water used from natural surface sources is so heavily polluted that it is harmful to use it for drinking and technical purposes without preliminary treatment. It might contain high concentrations of heavy metals, petroleum products, phenols, complex organochlorines, antibiotics, surfactants, pesticides, free radicals, pathogenic microorganisms, etc. Increased total hardness and increased fluorine and manganese ions in some parts of the region are such features of physical and chemical composition of natural underground water used for drinking purposes in Central Russia and, in particular, in the Vladimir region, the [5-8]
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