Abstract
One of the emerging treatment strategies for cancer particularly for haematological malignancies is natural killer (NK) cell therapy. However, the availability of a best approach to maximize NK cell anticancer potential is still awaited. It is well established that cytokine-induced memory-like NK cells have the potential to differentiate after a short period of preactivation with interleukins-IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 and exhibit increased responses to cytokine or activating receptor restimulation for weeks to months after preactivation. We demonstrated that NK cells differentiated from CD34+ cells isolated from cord blood show increased antitumor potential in vitro against different cancer cells. Using flow cytometry, we found that NK cells were able to induce apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro. We further analysed surviving gene expression by quantitative real time PCR and reported that NK cells cause down regulation of survivin gene expression in tumor cells. Therefore, NK cell therapy represents a promising immunotherapy for cancers like AML and other haematological malignancies. It concluded that NK cells can be differentiated from CD34+ cells isolated from cord blood ,are able to induce apoptosis and induce increased antitumor potential in vitro against different cancer cells besides cause downregulation of survivin gene expression in tumor cells. Therefore, NK cell therapy represents a promising immunotherapy for different cancer types and haematological malignancies. Furthers studies are necessary to confirm our findings.
Highlights
Natural killer (NK) cells are large granular lymphocytes playing role in our defense against certain virus-infected and malignant cells
We demonstrated that NK cells differentiated from CD34+ cells isolated from cord blood show increased antitumor potential in vitro against different cancer cells
It concluded that NK cells can be differentiated from CD34+ cells isolated from cord blood,are able to induce apoptosis and induce increased antitumor potential in vitro against different cancer cells besides cause downregulation of survivin gene expression in tumor cells
Summary
Natural killer (NK) cells are large granular lymphocytes playing role in our defense against certain virus-infected and malignant cells. Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in innate immune responses against infected cells and transformed cells (Paul and Lal, 2017) .Many researches highlight on the role of NK cells in hematologic malignancies, in acute leukaemia.NK cells are capable of producing cytokines such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in response to stimuli (Kronstad et al, 2018; Cerwenka and Lanier, 2016). Based on the density of CD56 expression, human NK cells are phenotypically divided into two groups: CD56bright and CD56dim.Of these NK cell populations, CD56dim NK cells comprise up to 90% of NK cells in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and are considered the most cytotoxic subset, while CD 56bright NK cells comprise approximately 10% of NK cells in PBMCs and are known as the cytokine-producing subset. CD56dimCD16+ NK cells (CD56dim NK cells) are cytotoxic NK cells which are able to cause
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