Abstract
Determinations of the temperature for the first formation of ice in a small cloud chamber at different levels in the free atmosphere are described. The construction in the laboratory of a cloud chamber in which five litres of air can be examined for ice-forming nuclei is reported. An estimate is made of the concentration of nuclei required, if each raindrop observed at the surface originates as an ice-particle, to form the rainfall from depressions and from thunderstorms, and it is suggested that the nuclei active in natural cloud are those present in concentrations of 20/litre or less, which can only be detected in a large cloud chamber. Finally estimates are made of the threshold temperatures for the concentrations of these nuclei in surface air, required to form these two types of rain.
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