Natural gas extraction activities and host communities concerns in Sub-Saharan Africa: A reflection on the historical riots in Mtwara, Tanzania

Abstract

This paper examines host community concerns associated with natural gas extraction in Tanzania. Host communities in the Mtwara region in Tanzania have resisted natural gas extraction activities in their area. Using this region as a case study, the research draws on in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, direct field observation, documentary films, and relevant documents to understand the community concerns raised. Through content analysis, five significant themes were identified. Communities report that historical riots were prompted by empty promises, irrational expectations and alienation of communities from participating in and benefiting from natural gas extraction activities. Also, communication hiccups and poor aftermath responses worsened the already fragile situation. Clear communication between host communities and the government that allows participatory dialogue with stakeholders is fundamental for addressing host community concerns before havoc erupts. Likewise, where regulations were not followed adequately, follow-up should be done to resolve emanating circumstances and to hold responsible people accountable for their actions.