Abstract
Due to the high amounts of waste generated from the building industry field, it has become essential to search for renewable building materials to be applied in wider and more innovative methods in architecture. One of the materials with the highest potential in this area is natural fibre-reinforced polymers (NFRP), which are also called biocomposites, and are filled or reinforced with annually renewable lignocellulosic fibres. This would permit variable closed material cycles’ scenarios and should decrease the amounts of waste generated in the building industry. Throughout this paper, this discussion will be illustrated through a number of developments and 1:1 mockups fabricated from newly developed lignocellulosic-based biocomposites from both bio-based and non-bio-based thermoplastic and thermoset polymers. Recyclability, closed materials cycles, and design variations with diverse digital fabrication technologies will be discussed in each case. The mock-ups’ concepts, materials’ compositions, and fabrication methods are illustrated. In the first case study, a structural segmented shell construction is developed and constructed. In the second case study, acoustic panels were developed. The final case studies are two types of furniture, where each is developed from a different lignocellulosic-based biocomposite. All of the presented case studies show diverse architectural design possibilities, structural abilities, and physical building characteristics.
Highlights
The building industry accounts for more than 35% of global final energy use, nearly 40% of energy-related CO2 emissions [1], and almost 45% of global resources’ consumption
Aggregate materials and concrete are the predominant building materials by weight used in Europe at the moment, which together with high-emission materials such as steel and aluminum are responsible for the largest share of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions stemming from the building sector [4]
Through the possibility illustrated case of natural fibre-reinforced polymers (NFRP)/biocomposites, thorough and deep proofmaterials was with various fabrication techniques and diverse designs in multiple architectural applications
Summary
The building industry accounts for more than 35% of global final energy use, nearly 40% of energy-related CO2 emissions [1], and almost 45% of global resources’ consumption. These FRP materials can induce lightness, reducing the need for concrete and metals in construction, and allowing another level of geometrical variations and integrated functionalities in building systems These materials still depend mainly on non-renewable fossil-based materials such as carbon and glass-fibres, which would still not solve the original problem of resources and CO2 emissions. In most of the lignocellulosic fibres collected from stalks to produce long endless fibres such as hemp, jute, ramie, and kenaf, the fibre is integrated with natural gum in the plant structure Removal of this gum is made in a process called “retting” [5], where bacteria and natural-occurring fungi is applied to remove lignin, pectin, and other impurities on the cellulose fibres that need to be extracted. All of the previously mentioned extracted materials can be set as components in biocomposites or green biocomposites, in case both the fibres and the matrix were biomass-based
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