Natural Extracts from White Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Inhibit 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Differentiation

Zhenxing Shi,Guixing Ren,Yingying Zhu,Yang Yao,Xin Zhang

doi:10.3390/app11010167

Abstract

Background: Recent studies have shown that the consumption of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foods plays an essential role in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Methods: In this study, different natural extracts that include common bean polyphenol-rich extract (CBP), α-amylase inhibitor-rich extract (α-AIE), and non-starch polysaccharides-rich extract (NSP) were isolated. Their effects on 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation were evaluated, respectively. Results: The results showed that CPB reduced the lipid content in the mature adipocytes to 79.29% (150 μg/mL) and 35.13% (300 μg/mL), and α-AIE reduced it to 90.20% (2 mg/mL) and 68.28% (4 mg/mL), while NSP exhibited an auxo-action, suggesting that both CBP and a-AIE inhibited 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation. Additionally, CBP significantly suppressed (p < 0.05) the mRNA expression level and the protein expression level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), sterol-regulatory element binding proteins 1 c (SREBP-1c), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and fatty acid binding protein (ap2). Meanwhile, α-AIE only showed significant suppression effects on PPARγ, C/EBPα, and ap2 at the high dose of 4 mg/mL (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings indicate that CBP, from white common bean, might be the major component responsible for the inhibitory effects on adipocyte differentiation.

Highlights

In recent years, obesity has dramatically increased and become a worldwide public health concern [1]
The total polyphenols content was determined to be 6.57 ± 0.242 mg GAE/g (Table 2). These results are consistent with our previous study, which estimated that phenolic compounds in white common bean are mainly contain ferulic acid (26.06 ± 2.19 mg/100 g), p-coumaric acid (11.10 ± 0.16 mg/100 g), sinapic acid (9.55 ± 0.24 mg/100 g), and chlorogenic acid (0.18 ±0.05 mg/100 g) [27]
Our results suggest that common bean polyphenol-rich extract (CBP) and α-amylase inhibitor-rich extract (α-AIE) inhibit the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes at an early stage of adipogenesis, and CBP exhibits stronger effects than α-AIE

Summary

Introduction

Obesity has dramatically increased and become a worldwide public health concern [1]. More than 30% of adults across the world are overweight, and almost 10% of adults are obese [2]. In China, it is reported that the rates of overweight and obesity have reached 23.7% among Chinese children and 17.6% among Chinese adolescents in 2015 [3]. Previous studies suggested that several transcription factors, mainly peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor families (PPAR) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) families, will promote adipocyte differentiation [7,8,9]. Methods: In this study, different natural extracts that include common bean polyphenol-rich extract (CBP), α-amylase inhibitor-rich extract (α-AIE), and non-starch polysaccharides-rich extract (NSP) were isolated. Their effects on 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation were evaluated, respectively. Conclusions: These findings indicate that CBP, from white common bean, might be the major component responsible for the inhibitory effects on adipocyte differentiation

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion