Natural Enemies of Pest in Rice Cultivation of Sesayap Watershed Area, Tana Tidung Regency

Abstract

Study of potency natural enemies are base for utilization as a natural control of pests. This study was determined the main of natural enemies on rice cultivation in several site in Sesayap watershed area, especially Tana Tidung Regency. The study sites were collected in Tideng Pale, Gunawan, Sesayap Hilir, Rian, and Tana Merah. Each site was sampled at 5 points using traps, sweep net, and yellow pan traps. The results showed insect group consisted of 32 families, 44 genera, 44 species and 836 individuals. The Araneae group were consisted of 11 families, 12 genera, 13 species and 347 individual species. Insect predatory have highest number which were Dolichoderus taschenbergi (24.7%), Chlaenius nigricans (19.9%), and Anoplolepis gracilipes (17.8%). The Shanon-Wiener species richness and diversity index, and the evenness index in Rian (R=5.93; H’=2.77; E=0.79), Bandan Bikis (R=3.63; H’=2.16; E=0.75), Tana Merah (R=6.48; H’=2.16; E=0.62), Tideng Pale (R=6.48; H’=2.90; E=0.79), and Gunawan (R=5.86; H’=2.73; E=0.76) respectively. The Tideng Pale and Rian have the highest similarity index (67%), while the lowest index at the Tana Merah and Tideng Pale sites (44%). Natural enemies of predators tended relationship with Gunawan and Rian site. Meanwhile, site of Bandan Bikis tended relationship for enemies of parasitoids. Based on these results, the Sesayap watershed of Tana Tidung Regency has a high species richness, but the diversity is classified as moderate. Thus, it is necessary to make efforts to conserve natural enemies of pests in the Sesayap watershed area, Tana Tidung Regency.