Abstract
Disinfection is defined as the destruction of microorganisms, not necessarily destroy all the microbes but may reducing them to an acceptable level. Thus, it could stop the chain of bugs transmission to avoid infections. Antimicrobials are divided into antimicrobial agents and antibiotics. Disinfectants or hand sanitizers are used to prevent microbial contamination on inanimate objects that are present in the environment; consequently, avoiding of disease occurrence. While antibiotics are used for therapeutic purposes. Microbial growth is controlled by using natural, chemical and physical agents. Most investigations that are conducted in vitro showed that natural agents could inhibit or kill the growth of pathogens and its efficiency depends on their bio components. This article will focus on natural antimicrobial agents as alternatives to chemical disinfectants. Natural resources include: plants and microbes.
Highlights
Microorganisms could be transmitted from animated and inanimate sources to human
Fungi, viruses, and protozoa are able to survive on inanimate surfaces for months, could be transferred to the hand unless these surfaces are cleansed by disinfectants [2]
Cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB). It is a fluid of bioactive substances that have inhibitory activity secreted into the supernatant obtained by centrifugation (6,000 rpm/15 minutes) of broth containing lactic acid bacteria cultures, this supernatant will be filtered through Millipore 0.22 -0.45 mm to remove cells [22]
Summary
Microorganisms could be transmitted from animated and inanimate sources to human. Both sources might be contaminated resulted in causing disease. Fungi, viruses, and protozoa are able to survive on inanimate surfaces for months, could be transferred to the hand unless these surfaces are cleansed by disinfectants [2]. If these surfaces remain contaminated, bugs can be picked up by hands. There are several factors affecting the action of natural antimicrobials including, acidity, osmotic effect, production of H2O2 and concentration of active components [8] Microorganisms are another source of natural antimicrobials such as Lactobacillus strains, Acetobacter aceti, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This review summarizes the use of common natural antimicrobials as alternative disinfectants against microbes
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