Abstract
Based on the summarization of previous studies, this paper constructed an analytical model on the driving factors on the choice of farmers’ livelihood strategies in nature reserves, covering the aspects of natural disasters, public policies, family characteristics, and livelihood assets, and this paper took Zhagana Village in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example to conduct an empirical study. The empirical results show that non-agricultural production strategies, especially a tourism-oriented strategy, are currently the primary livelihood preference for households in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. During the process of livelihood strategy selection, households are influenced by exogenous factors like public policies and natural disasters, as well as by endogenous factors like family characteristics and livelihood assets. Among these factors, the soil erosion as well as the tourism development policy would be the restrictive factors when choosing an agricultural production strategy, or the incentive factors if a non-agricultural production strategy were to be chosen. Meanwhile, anti-poverty development policy, location characteristic, and economic characteristic are the incentive factors for households who want to choose an agricultural production strategy, or the restrictive factors if they would like to select a non-agricultural production strategy.
Highlights
The correlation between humans and the ecosystem is one of the core scientific topics of sustainable development and livelihood, as the most basic behavioral patterns of humans play an important role in driving the evolution of the man-land relationship [1,2]
It follows that households generally believe that tourism development policy and the policy of returning the grain plots to forestry are two kinds of public policies that have a significant influence on livelihood choices, while anti-poverty development policy and oilseed cultivation policy have a weaker influence
SS4 households are the most sensitive to the incentive policy, SS3 households are most sensitive to the restrictive policy, and DS1 households are the least responsively affected by the restrictive policy (Figure 4)
Summary
The correlation between humans and the ecosystem is one of the core scientific topics of sustainable development and livelihood, as the most basic behavioral patterns of humans play an important role in driving the evolution of the man-land relationship [1,2]. In China, the vast majority of nature reserves are located in areas where humans have inhabited. About 30 to 60 million people live in different types of nature reserves or in surrounding areas in order to carry out activities related to agricultural production [4]. The livelihood strategies of these farmers, as the most basic decision-making unit in the nature protection area, determine the utilization and efficiency of natural resources, and have an important impact on the sustainable development of nature reserves
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