Natural convection heat transport performance of nanofluids under the influence of inclined magnetic field

Abstract

Two-dimensional free convective temperature transportation and fluid flow within the semi-circular cavity occupied by nanofluid with influence of inclined MHD is studied numerically. While bottom wall is warmed by three distinct thermal conditions (uniform, parabolic, and sinusoidal), the upper circular wall is warmed at lower temperatures. A slopping magnetic field acts upon the enclosure whose strength is unchanging. The governing non-linear equations is resolved with the numerical scheme Galerkin type finite element technique. A strong agreement is found with the earlier work. The outcomes for the model parameters likely Rayleigh number, sloping angle of magnetic field, nanoparticles volume, size, shape, and Brownian effects, and Hartmann number are demonstrated through streamlines, isothermal lines, and mean Nusselt number. In addition, investigation is conducted the thermal features of various nanoparticles and the nanofluid produced from them. The outcomes reveal that thermal transfer rate is significantly enhanced by volume fraction nanoparticles and buoyancy-driven parameter Rayleigh number whilst reduces for higher Hartman number. The inclined angles of magnetic field and different thermal conditions have a positive influence on thermal transport. For Cu-H2O nanofluids, thermal transport is enhanced by 10.98 % in a uniform thermal system, where it increases by 14.42 % in the parabolic thermal system and by 15.53 % in a sinusoidal thermal system for the only 5 % volume of nanoparticles. Moreover, nano-sized particles’ shape factor has a noteworthy role in thermal transport. It is found that heat transfer rate rises by 6.79 % for blade-shaped nanoparticles. Additionally, as considering Brownian effects of nanoparticles, the temperature transport rate is improved by 21.45 % for small-sized nanoparticles.