Abstract
The contents of total phenolics compounds and their phenolic constituents were quantified in organic and aqueous of four varieties (Zebdia, Sukkari, taimor and Hindi) of mango (Mangifera indica L.), seeds pulp and kernel, one varieties of pomegranate (Punica ranatum L., peel) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L., Giza 6, shell) by-products. The antioxidant activities of all by products extracts were assessed by five antioxidant methods as well as by rancimate test. The total Phenolic content of aqueous and organic extracts of among all mango varieties, pomegranate and peanut shell showed the content values ranging from 71.06 to 124.18 mg/100g, 95.07 to 124.18 mg/100g and 41.64 to 71.06, respectively. Nineteen phenolic compounds were identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) among all mango varieties, of which vanillic acid, benzoic acid and mangiferin were occurred in high amounts. The major phenolic compounds were detected in pomegranate and peanut shell were chlorogenic and gallic and caffeic (24.42%), respectively. All fruits by products were exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity, with various degrees in all tested methods. However, among all by-products extracts, organic extract had higher antioxidant than that aqueous extracts toward all antioxidant tested. Mango kernel peel and pomegranates showed high radical scavenging activity, which could be compared with the synthetic antioxidants Butylated Hydroxyanisol (BHA). However, all by-products extracts exhibited high inhibit effect against the lipid peroxidation of sunflower oil (at 100°C) as assessed by rancimat methods. However, this antioxidant activity was found to be strong significant correlation with phenolic contents (p
Highlights
Agricultural sector and where the farming practice is very intensive
Nineteen phenolic compounds were identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) among all mango varieties, of which vanillic acid, benzoic acid and mangiferin were occurred in high amounts
Aqueous extracts of mango seed pulp were found in lower values than organic extracts; they were 84.18, 82.13, 78.11 and 72.17 mg/100g, respectively
Summary
Agricultural sector and where the farming practice is very intensive. the most of agro-wastes are. The main by-products of processing mangos (Mangifera indica L.) are the kernel, peel and the seed, which represent approximately 35-60% of total fruit weight (Larrauri et al, 1996), these parts are not currently being utilized commercially in any way, though a large quantity is generated as waste (20-25% of total fruit weight) during mango processing contributing to pollution (Berardini et al, 2005; Dorta et al, 2012) These agro by-product are contain large amount of bioactive compounds which act as antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and they have potential nutritional and therapeutic effect that could be used in different sectors such as pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries (Demiray et al, 2009). Leaves, flowers, stems and roots of plants, contain significant amounts of bioactive compounds, which provide desirable health benefits beyond basic nutrition
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