Abstract
Acidification means the increase in soil acidity due to the natural soil � forming process, frequently in the warm and cool temperate zones, on a wide range of acid rocks consisting of �60% SiO2, primarily as silicate minerals. Typical acid rocks are granites, granodiorites and rhyolites. Subject to intense weathering processes, destruction of clays rich in aluminum occurs in these soils, giving acid conditions. Anthropic acidification consists in the increase in soil acidity due to the action of acid rains or to various farming techniques � application of acid � forming fertilizers.
Highlights
Natural and Anthropic Soil Acidification in the West of RomaniaLUCIAN NITA1, ADIA GROZAV2*, GHEORGHE ROGOBETE2 1Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine King Michael I of Romania from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645, Timisoara, Romania 2Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Civil Engineering, George Enescu, 300022, Timisoara, Romania
Acidification means the increase in soil acidity due to the natural soil – forming process, frequently in the warm and cool temperate zones, on a wide range of acid minerals
According to soil forming processes, the studied thematic can be grouped as follows: a)natural acidification, illustrated by the acid soils forming process in Banat, and the extension of the area with acid soils in the world, in Romania, and in the Banat region; b)anthropic acidification, result of application of fertilizer and because of acid rains; c)liming and soil improvement. a) The most significant proton (H+) generation in soil is associated with the C, N, and S cycle [6]
Summary
LUCIAN NITA1, ADIA GROZAV2*, GHEORGHE ROGOBETE2 1Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine King Michael I of Romania from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645, Timisoara, Romania 2Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Civil Engineering, George Enescu, 300022, Timisoara, Romania. The phenomenon is enhanced by fulvic acids and Fe - chelates in the Alpine zones, where the clay-humus complexes are degraded with a new horizon formed - B spodic This type of pedogenesis leads to acid soils formation. In the case of nonaerated soils with an argic horizon, the main process is ferrolysis, with a ferrolytic breakdown of clay minerals In these conditions: The Fe2+ ions occupy a significant fraction of exchange sites on the soil colloids, Fe2+ oxidizes in the dry period and generates acidity. Downward percolation of moisture is slow leading to the development of stagnic properties in the lower part of the albic horizon This provides the reduction conditions which favor the ferrolytic breakdown of clay minerals. The natural acidification process can be augmented by the anthropic acidification, produced in the natural ecosystems by industrial works, and in the cultivated ecosystems by fertilization with chemical fertilizer, and with pollutants from acid rains
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