Abstract
Background: The presence of defects in native umbilical in adults and its use as laparoscopic first entry site is poorly documented. It would likely be a safer method than the Veress needle and direct trocar insertion. This work aimed to report the prevalence and size of native umbilical defects, and their relationship with gender, age and body mass index.
 Methods: In 160 consecutive laparoscopic operations, a trans-umbilical incision was made and a defect at its base was looked for. When found, the defect was measured and used as the first port entry site. Relationships of presence of native defects and their sizes in relation to gender, age and BMI were analyzed.
 Results: The prevalence of a native defect in this series was 90%. Its presence had no relation with gender, age or BMI. Its size, however, positively correlated with age and BMI. No complications were related to the defect’s use for first laparoscopic entry site.
 Conclusion: A native umbilical defect is present in 90% of adults. Whenever present, it is recommended for use as the first port entry site by an open technique. This method is simple and safe and avoids unnecessarily inducing another defect.
 Keywords: Laparoscopy, Open technique, Access, Native defect, Umbilical defect
Highlights
At birth, the linea alba at the depth of the umbilicus has a defect
This work studied the prevalence and size of native umbilical defect in adults, and how its existence and size relate with age, gender and body mass index (BMI)
There was no statistical difference between gender and presence of a native umbilical defect, nor with its size (Table 1)
Summary
The linea alba at the depth of the umbilicus has a defect. The linea alba is the passageway of umbilical vessels that connect the fetus with its placenta. This work studied the prevalence and size of native umbilical defect in adults, and how its existence and size relate with age, gender and body mass index (BMI). Another aim was to document its use as a laparoscopic first entry site. The presence of defects in native umbilical in adults and its use as laparoscopic first entry site is poorly documented It would likely be a safer method than the Veress needle and direct trocar insertion. It is recommended for use as the first port entry site by an open technique This method is simple and safe and avoids unnecessarily inducing another defect
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