Abstract
Background and AimHypothyroidism (HT) is characterized by thyroid hormone deficiencies, which can lead to diffuse myocardial interstitium lesions in patients with HT. Myocardial longitudinal relaxation time (T1) mapping is a potential diagnostic tool for quantifying diffuse myocardial injury. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of T1 mapping in identifying myocardial involvement in HT, and determine the relationship between T1 values and myocardial function.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 30 untreated HT patients alongside 23 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All subjects underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with non-contrast (native) T1 mapping using a modified Look-Locker inversion-recovery (MOLLI) sequence to assess the native T1 values of myocardium and cardiac function.ResultsNative myocardial T1 values were significantly increased in HT patients, especially those with pericardial effusion (p < 0.05), compared with healthy controls. In addition, significantly reduced peak filling rate (PFR) and prolonged peak filling time (PFT) were obtained (p < 0.05) in HT patients compared with controls. Furthermore, stroke volume (SV) and cardiac index (CI) were significantly lower in HT patients than controls (all p < 0.05). Interestingly, native T1 values were negatively correlated with free triiodothyronine (FT3), PFR, SV and CI (all p < 0.05).ConclusionDiffuse myocardial injuries are common in HT patients, and increased T1 values are correlated with FT3 and cardiac function impairment. These findings indicate that T1 mapping might be useful in evaluating myocardial injuries in HT patients.
Highlights
Hypothyroidism (HT) is caused by reduced production or inadequate activity of thyroid hormones
Native myocardial T1 values were significantly increased in HT patients, especially those with pericardial effusion (p < 0.05), compared with healthy controls
Significantly reduced peak filling rate (PFR) and prolonged peak filling time (PFT) were obtained (p < 0.05) in HT patients compared with controls
Summary
Hypothyroidism (HT) is caused by reduced production or inadequate activity of thyroid hormones. Changes of cardiac structure and function depend on the degree and duration of thyroid hormone deficiency in HT patients [4, 5]. A growing body of clinical evidence suggests that HT is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and mortality [5,6,7]. Chronic thyroid hormone deficiencies can result in profound changes in cardiac function regulation and cardiovascular hemodynamics, such as prolonged systolic and early diastolic times, decreased cardiac preload due to impaired diastolic function as well as increased cardiac afterload and reduced chronotropic and inotropic functions [9]. Detection and assessment of myocardial involvement is crucial for HT patients. Hypothyroidism (HT) is characterized by thyroid hormone deficiencies, which can lead to diffuse myocardial interstitium lesions in patients with HT. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of T1 mapping in identifying myocardial involvement in HT, and determine the relationship between T1 values and myocardial function.
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