Abstract
Damages due to wave overtopping were investigated through a nationwide questionnaire distributed among regional construction bureaus and local governments. Wave overtopping in recent 7 years was found to be reported at more than 250 coasts facing open sea as well as inner bay. In addition to the tangible damages of flooding and destruction of coastal structures, wave overtopping also causes serious damages of salt invasion to land and traffic interruption, which were not included in conventional cost-benefit analysis. The relationship between the damage level and the strength of wave overtopping was investigated, revealing high correlation for coastal structure destruction and low for salt invasion.
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