Abstract
Glaucoma shares common risk factors with chronic kidney disease (CKD) but previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated discrepancies in the risk of glaucoma in CKD patients. This study enrolled kidney transplantation recipients (KTRs) (n = 10,955), end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients (n = 10,955) and healthy controls (n = 10,955) from National Health Insurance Service database of the Republic of Korea. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) incidences. The incidence of POAG was higher in ESRD patients (3.36/1,000 person-years, P < 0.0001) and KTRs (3.22 /1,000 person-years, P < 0.0001), than in healthy controls (1.20/1,000 person-years). However, POAG risk showed no significant increase in either ESRD patients (P = 0.07) or KTRs (P = 0.08) when adjusted for the confounding factors. The incidence of PACG was significantly higher in ESRD patients (0.41/1,000 person-years) than in healthy controls (0.14/1,000 person-years, P = 0.008). The PACG incidence was significantly lower in KTRs than in ESRD patients (HR = 0.35, P = 0.015). In conclusion, this nationwide cohort study demonstrated that kidney transplantation can reduce the risk of PACG but not POAG in ESRD patients.
Highlights
Glaucoma shares common risk factors with chronic kidney disease (CKD) but previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated discrepancies in the risk of glaucoma in CKD patients
A larger proportion of kidney transplantation recipients (KTRs) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients had a history of underlying chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus (DM), HTN, and dyslipidemia when compared with healthy control
We investigated the nationwide population-based incidence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) in ESRD patients and KTRs and compared it with that of subjects with healthy kidney function
Summary
Glaucoma shares common risk factors with chronic kidney disease (CKD) but previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated discrepancies in the risk of glaucoma in CKD patients. This study enrolled kidney transplantation recipients (KTRs) (n = 10,955), end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients (n = 10,955) and healthy controls (n = 10,955) from National Health Insurance Service database of the Republic of Korea. The PACG incidence was significantly lower in KTRs than in ESRD patients (HR = 0.35, P = 0.015) This nationwide cohort study demonstrated that kidney transplantation can reduce the risk of PACG but not POAG in ESRD patients. Dialysis can induce the shallowing of the anterior chamber depth[12,13,14] and can cause acute angle-closure a ttack[15], which increases PACG risk. BP fluctuation and anterior chamber shallowing; further studies are needed to investigate whether KT can reduce the risk of POAG or PACG in ESRD patients
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