Abstract
ObjectivesThe Hungarian vaccination campaign was conducted with five different vaccines during the third wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2021. This observational study (HUN-VE: Hungarian Vaccine Effectiveness) estimated vaccine effectiveness against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19-related mortality in 3.7 million vaccinated individuals. MethodsIncidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related mortality were calculated using data from the National Public Health Centre surveillance database. Estimated vaccine effectiveness was calculated as 1 – incidence rate ratio ≥7 days after the second dose for each available vaccine versus an unvaccinated control group using mixed-effect negative binomial regression controlling for age, sex and calendar day. ResultsBetween 22 January 2021 and 10 June 2021, 3 740 066 Hungarian individuals received two doses of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech), HB02 (Sinopharm), Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik-V), AZD1222 (AstraZeneca), or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines. Incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related death were 1.73–9.3/100 000 person-days and 0.04–0.65/100 000 person-days in the fully vaccinated population, respectively. Estimated adjusted effectiveness varied between 68.7% (95% CI 67.2%–70.1%) and 88.7% (95% CI 86.6%–90.4%) against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and between 87.8% (95% CI 86.1%–89.4%) and 97.5% (95% CI 95.6%–98.6%) against COVID-19-related death, with 100% effectiveness in individuals aged 16–44 years for all vaccines. ConclusionsOur observational study demonstrated the high or very high effectiveness of five different vaccines in the prevention SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related death.
Highlights
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) pandemic started on 31 December 2019 when the first cases of pneumonia of unknown aetiology were reported from the city of Wuhan, China [1]
Another study from the USA estimated that mRNA vaccine effectiveness (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna together) was 90% among fully immunized health-care workers for the prevention of infection [8]
This nationwide, retrospective, observational study examined the effectiveness of five different vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related deaths, using data from the National Public Health Centre between 22 January 2021 and 10 June 2021
Summary
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) pandemic started on 31 December 2019 when the first cases of pneumonia of unknown aetiology were reported from the city of Wuhan, China [1]. A real-world study from Israel reported 96.5% adjusted effectiveness rates for mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection after the second dose [4]. Another study from the USA estimated that mRNA vaccine effectiveness (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna together) was 90% among fully immunized health-care workers for the prevention of infection [8]. Another study from the UK found a 65% lower chance of a new SARS-CoV-2 infection in people aged 16 years after a single dose of either the AstraZeneca or the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine compared with the unvaccinated population [9]. In a recent study from Chile, conducted among more than 10 million fully vaccinated individuals, the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine SinoVac showed adjusted effectiveness rates of 65.9% for the prevention of SARSCoV-2 infection and 86.3% for the prevention of COVID-19-related death 14 days after the second dose [12]
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