National Trends in the Prevalence and Treatment of Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults.

PurposeThis study aims to explore global, regional, and national trends in the prevalence of depression and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) among women of childbearing age from 1990 to 2021, as well as to project future trends from 2022 to 2040.MethodsThis research analyzes the prevalence of depression and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) among Women of Childbearing Age (WCBA) using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, covering the period from 1990 to 2021. We evaluate trends in the burden of depression in WCBA through estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and percentage change, as well as annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) derived from Joinpoint regression analyses. Additionally, we employ age-period-cohort modeling to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of the prevalence of WCBA and the burden of DALYs, including future projections.ResultsIn 2021, it was estimated that there were 121.24 million cases of depression among women of childbearing age worldwide, with disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) accounting for 21.04 million cases. When compared to figures from 1990, these numbers indicate percentage increases of 68% and 69%, respectively. Moreover, despite an overall increase in both global prevalence and DALY rates, this rise was not considered statistically significant, as reflected by an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of −0.02 (95% confidence interval: −0.17 to 0.13) for prevalence and −0.06 (95% CI: −0.24 to 0.12) for DALYs. Furthermore, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was computed to be 0.4789 (95% CI: 0.3289–0.6295; P < 0.001) for prevalence and 0.524 (95% CI: 0.3756–0.6725; P < 0.001) for DALYs. Projections made using our Bayesian age–period–cohort (BAPC) model suggest that we can expect a considerable increase in the global prevalence of depression and DALY rates among women of childbearing age by the year 2040.

1505-P: National Trends in Prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus among Adolescents and Young Adults (15–39y) across 204 Countries (1990–2021)

Depression and anxiety in adolescents and young adults is reaching epidemic proportions. From 2005 to 2014, the overall prevalence of depression in adolescents aged 12 to 17 increased from 8.7% to 11.3% and from 2011 to 2018, rates of depression and anxiety in college students increased from 31.5% to 42.2% and 51.5% to 63.6% respectively.1,2 Psychological well-being, a closely related construct, decreased suddenly for adolescents around 2012 and has remained low since that time.3 These trends have been mirrored by a simultaneous increase since 2012 in smartphone adoption and screen-time, particularly social media usage, among American adolescents. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated these trends: adults in April and May of 2020 were three times as likely to screen positive for depressive and anxiety disorders compared to the year prior.4 Today, social media is omnipresent in the lives of adolescents and adults. The Pew Research Center found that 84% of Americans aged 18-29 adults use at least one social media site and Piper Sandler Investment Research found that the average teen spends 12 hours per week on social media.5,6 Social media usage is a new and important consideration when dealing with and organizing efforts to combat rising depression and anxiety.

United States national trends in prevalence of major depressive episode and co-occurring suicidal ideation and treatment resistance among adults

BackgroundRural communities face challenges to mental health care, including cultural barriers and lack of accessibility. There is a general scarcity of data on the mental health of adolescents in rural regions of Mexico. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of depression in adolescents and young adults in a rural Mexican community.MethodsA cross-sectional observational study was conducted from April to September 2023, of individuals aged 15–25 of rural communities of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Stratified sampling (n = 1057) ensured gender/age representation. Participants received two psychoeducation sessions, followed by a Spanish-language the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale to quantify depressive symptoms. Mann-Whitney U and Fisher Exact tests were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Principal component analysis was used to identify the most important items associated with probable clinical depression.ResultsSixty-one percent of the participants exhibited depressive symptoms, 23% met criteria indicating a probable diagnosis of major depressive disorder, and 29% reported suicidal ideation. A probable diagnosis of major depressive disorder was significantly more frequent in female subjects, those with a personal history or familial antecedents of depression, and those that experienced suicidal ideation. Most endorsed PHQ-9 items were sleep disturbances and feeling tired or low on energy, and females had significantly higher PHQ-9 scores than males. Principal Component Analysis indicated a single factor that explained 55% of the variance and encompassed all nine items, while suicidal ideation was additionally associated with a second factor that accounted for an additional 10% of variance.ConclusionsThere is a significant depression burden among rural Mexican youth. Psychoeducation may help adolescents identify past and present episodes of depression in themselves as well as in their family and peers. Targeted mental health services in rural communities are necessary to confront disparities in mental health care.

Burden of depression in adolescents in the Western Pacific Region from 1990 to 2019: An age-period-cohort analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study

New research examining the depression prevalence and treatment trends among adolescents and young adults calls for a sense of urgency regarding treatment for youth with depression. A study published in Pediatrics in November, “National Trends in the Prevalence and Treatment of Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults,” reports a significant climb in the prevalence of major depression in youth in recent years, particularly strongest in teenage girls. In a commentary to the article, Anne Glowinski, M.D., MPE, director of child and adolescent psychiatry education and training and associate director of the William Greenleaf Eliot Division of Child Psychiatry at the university, writes that it is “time to rally.”

Octogenarians of today are better educated, and physically and cognitively healthier, than earlier born cohorts. Less is known about time trends in mental health in this age group. We aimed to study time trends in the prevalence of depression and psychotropic drug use among Swedish 85-year-olds. We derived data from interviews with 85-year-olds in 1986-1987 (N = 348), 2008-2010 (N = 433) and 2015-17 (N = 321). Depression diagnoses were made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Symptom burden was assessed with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Information on psychotropic drug use, sociodemographic, and health-related factors were collected during the interviews. The prevalence of major depression was lower in 2015-2017 (4.7%, p < 0.001) and 2008-2010 (6.9%, p = 0.010) compared to 1986-1987 (12.4%). The prevalence of minor depression was lower in 2015-2017 (8.1%) compared to 2008-2010 (16.2%, p = 0.001) and 1986-1987 (17.8%, p < 0.001). Mean MADRS score decreased from 8.0 in 1986-1987 to 6.5 in 2008-2010, and 5.1 in 2015-2017 (p < 0.001). The reduced prevalence of depression was not explained by changes in sociodemographic and health-related risk factors for depression. While psychoactive drug use was observed in a third of the participants in each cohort, drug type changed over time (increased use of antidepressants and decreased use of anxiolytics and antipsychotics). The prevalence of depression in octogenarians has declined during the past decades. The decline was not explained by changes in known risk factors for depression. The present study cannot answer whether changed prescription patterns of psychoactive drugs have contributed to the decline.

(1) Background: To describe trends in the prevalence of depression in men and women with COPD hospitalized in Spain (2016–2020). (2) Methods: We used a nationwide discharge database to select all patients ≥35 years with COPD. (3) Results: The prevalence of depression was 3.54-times higher in women with COPD than in men (OR 3.54; 95%CI 3.48–3.6). It decreased significantly between 2016 and 2020, although the reduction was only significant in women (12.27% in 2016 vs. 10.56% in 2020). Older age, comorbidity and the most recent years of hospital admission were associated with lower prevalence of depression in both men and women, while obesity, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and use of oxygen prior to admission were risk factors. In-hospital mortality (IHM) increased significantly over time. Older age, comorbidity, the use of oxygen prior to admission and having been hospitalized in 2020 increased the risk of IHM. Female sex was associated with a lower IHM in patients with depression and COPD. (4) Conclusions: The prevalence of depression has decreased over time in women with COPD while it has not changed significantly in men with this disease. IHM increased over time both in men and women with COPD and depression, with higher prevalence in the former.

Urbanization and prevalence of depression in diabetes

PD28-09 A POPULATION ANALYSIS OF DELAYED EJACULATION USING a CLAIMS DATABASE: CHARACTERISTICS AND NATIONAL TRENDS IN PREVALENCE, INCIDENCE, AND PHARMACOTHERAPY

Introduction: the relevance of determining national trends in prevalence of diseases among the adult population in Ukraine is high, as it solves several important medical, social and economic problems of society.&#x0D; The aim: to determine national trends in prevalence of diseases among the adult population in Ukraine and Kharkiv region.&#x0D; Materials and methods: data from official sources of statistical information of Ukraine (State Institution "Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine") were used to determine national trends in prevalence of diseases among the adult population in Ukraine and Kharkiv region. A systematic analysis and generalization of the obtained data was performed and trends in prevalence of diseases among the adult population in Ukraine and Kharkiv region.&#x0D; Results: a decrease in the prevalence of diseases among the adult population of Ukraine over the 2010-2017 years with trends of -18.3% (general morbidity) and -25.9% (diseases detected for the first time in life) has been determined. Over the 2010-2019 years, the dynamics of reducing the prevalence of diseases and morbidity of adult residents of the Kharkiv region with trends of -12.6% and -23.0% has been established. For 2018-2019, progressive trends in reducing the prevalence of most diseases were noted, except for eating disorders and metabolic disorders (trends of increase, respectively, + 2.2% and + 2.9%) and symptoms, signs and deviations from the norm, which were found in clinical and laboratory studies (trends + 2.8% and + 3.5%) and neoplasms (only in terms of 100 thousand people) — + 0.1%.&#x0D; Discussion: the obtained results of the general dynamics of trends in the prevalence of diseases of the population in Ukraine completely coincide with the data of other world studies.&#x0D; Conclusions: there was a significant decrease in the spread of prevalence of diseases and morbidity among the mature population of Ukraine and the Kharkiv region.

Trends in Prevalence of Serious Psychological Distress and Depression Among Adults with Stroke in the United States

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the well-being of millions of people around the globe. The evidence has shown that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of the population was affected, which means that there is an extra demand to implement different actions to mitigate and treat mental health disorders result of the pandemic. According to the literature it was expected that the prevalence of mental health disorders, such as anxiety and depression increased by 25 per cent worldwide, and Colombia was not the exception. However, there is not clear evidence on how much this increase might be. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression for female and male adolescents and adults in Colombia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. It estimated the potential increase of the prevalence in each group as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. We used the Individual Registry of Health Services Delivery data from 2015-2021 to estimate the observed prevalence of anxiety and depression in Colombia for female and male adults. In addition, using the National Mental Health Survey 2015, we simulated the prevalence of anxiety and depression for adolescents (12 to 17 years) and adults (18 or older) in 2015 and using a static Monte Carlo simulation process we estimated the expected prevalence of depression and anxiety for each group from 2016 to 2021. The results of the analysis using revealed an important increase in the observed prevalence of depression and anxiety for adults and adolescents and men and women between 2015 and February 2020. When we simulated different scenarios using as a base line the National Mental Health Survey and estimated the prevalence of depression and anxiety for female and male adults and adolescents, we found that the prevalence of depression and anxiety has had an important increase in the last five years for all groups and had an important increase during 2020. This increase was greater for women compared to men, and adolescents than adults. Our results show the number of people who need potential attention from the health system in Colombia and highlight the importance to think about how to avoid and detect potential cases of anxiety and depression especially in female adolescents.

Adolescent depression is a serious mental health crisis, often occurring in the context of negative psychosocial development. This study explored the efficacy of a therapeutic wilderness experience on adolescent depression and psychosocial development by measuring pre-to-post changes on the Reynolds’ Adolescent Depression Scale-2 (RADS-2) and the Measures of Psychosocial Development (MPD). Participants in this study were selected from the Intercept program at Outward Bound Wilderness, a therapeutic wilderness program for youth-at-risk. This mixed methods study found clinically and statistically significant pre- to-post decreases in levels and prevalence of adolescent depression and increases in psychosocial health after a therapeutic wildernessintervention. This study also showed qualitative indicators of change in these areas. This study further demonstrated a clinically and statistically significant relationship between adolescent depression and psychosocial development, and showed statistically significant improvements in the areas of school problems, substance abuse, and family conflict. In addition, this study analyzed what process variables were related to the adolescent depression and prosocial outcomes. These findings are highlighted in this article and are presented as key components of the therapeutic wilderness experience.