Abstract
In this article, we analyzed the National School Feeding Program (PNAE) as a Healthy Public Policy (HPP). The Brazilian Law No 11,947/2009 established that at least 30% of the resources from the National Fund for Educational Development (FNDE) for school feeding must be employed in purchasing food from family farming. In addition, a HPP is a public policy whose formulation takes into account different domains that determine the population's health. The demand for purchasing food from family farming includes not only the appreciation of organic and local agricultural production of family farmers, but also the prioritization of a healthy diet for students, thus contributing to shape healthy eating habits. In view of this, the PNAE contributes to health promotion and hence can be understood as a HPP. The PNAE, by the articulation of actions from different sectors, makes public policy more effective and more efficient, generating positive results beyond health and maximizing the returns for society. In order to improve and strengthen the PNAE, in this article we propose mechanisms that aim to complement and reinforce actions carried out in SUS (Brazilian Unified Health System, called Sistema Único de Saúde).
Highlights
The formulation of public policies has been a target of great interest in the last 20 years, incorporating the contributions of different studies from both applied and theoretical fields, regarding the following aspects: the role of social actors in the process of policy making; the understanding of the policy measures mechanisms that affect society; and the impact assessments of the implemented policies
We present what constitutes a healthy public policy, referring to health promotion as the center of this issue and discussing the role of governance in this type of policy
We explore the importance of healthy eating in promoting positive health outcomes and in improving cognitive and non-cognitive skills in early childhood
Summary
The formulation of public policies has been a target of great interest in the last 20 years, incorporating the contributions of different studies from both applied and theoretical fields, regarding the following aspects: the role of social actors in the process of policy making (called the political cycle); the understanding of the policy measures mechanisms that affect society; and the impact assessments of the implemented policies. From the 1990s onwards, the movement regarding the HPPs received an important contribution from the discussions on the Social Determinants of Health (SDH)[18], since studies about this topic incorporated and attached greater weight to socioeconomic factors in determining the population’s health, such as work and housing conditions, reinvigorating the general determinants model proposed by Lalonde[19] In agreement with these propositions, the WHO20 began to recommend that health policies must advance beyond financing and provision of resources for health care, with the inclusion of the economic and the social political aspects in order to induce changes in the social environment. Such evidence contributes to explain the second connection of the aforementioned triad, good nutrition generating
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