Abstract
This chapter first gives an overview of past work on national income in India. It discusses methods of developing comparisons of per capita income, beginning with simple comparisons of the estimates of writers at different points of time. The discussion then turns to methods for building up annual series, or five- or ten-year series of estimates for different years, or methods to extrapolate estimates forward and backward, versus direct estimates to build up a per capita income series. Then, the chapter explains agricultural and non-agricultural income over the period 1857-1947. Agriculture has been the most important sector of the economy of the sub-continent and warrants considerable attention. Some checks of the national figures are made against alternative indicators of economic growth. Interest in agricultural statistics has a long standing in India, and early surveys often estimated acreage and production on a scattered basis.
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