NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE: HISTORY OF BECOMING, SUCCESS, PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

The article is devoted to the review and analysis of the formation and the 100-year activity of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, which was established on November 27, 2018. It should be noted that at different times the Academy changed its name somewhere, but its essence and significance did not change. The current name was obtained by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine with the acquisition of independence by Ukraine on December 13, 1991. The whole historical path of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine with all development problems and successes is shown in direct connection with the historical events that took place in different periods of Ukrainian history - in the times of statehood, its losses, wars and revolutions.A whole galaxy of prominent Ukrainian scientists and statesmen who are often severely separated from each other, who played a decisive role or mission in the founding, establishment, and development of the National Academy of Sciences for the remainder of her 100 years of life and activity, are shown: M. S. Hrushevsky, V. I. Vernadsky, M. P. Vassilenko, P. P. Skoropadsky, A. Yu. Krymsky, O. I. Levytsky, V. I. Lipsky, V. O. Plotnikov, B. E. Paton, etc.It is noted that the forerunner of the academy was the Taras Shevchenko Scientific Society (SSSh), established in Lviv in 1873, in which outstanding intellectuals, cultural and scientific figures, including such worlds of science as A. Ainstein, D. Gilbert, M. Plank etc have self-identification.The critical assessments of the academy affairs current state, which stem from a lack of understanding of the importance of the National Academy of Sciences for the country’s economy, its defense capability, health care, ecology, and all other socially significant aspects that are expressed, in particular, in extremely low science funding and the scientist status.