Abstract
Background IgE sensitization (atopy) to pets is commonly evaluated using pet dander extracts. However, the diagnosis by components seems to be more adequate to evaluate the clinical relevance (allergy) of sIgE sensitization. Objective To study the association between IgE sensitization to pet allergen components and clinical symptoms. Methodology. Dander extracts and sIgE levels to pet components (Can f 1, Can f 2, Can f 3, Can f 5, Fel d 1, Fel 2, and Fel 4) were measured in a rhinitis group (n = 101) and a control group (n = 101) and a control group (Results Dog (34.6% vs. 23.5%) and cat dander (26.7% vs. 8.8%, p = 0.05) IgE sensitization was frequent among rhinitis and no-rhinitis subjects, and it was similar to dog (29.7% vs. 20.5%) and cat (18.8% vs. 8.8%) components. Polysensitization for dog (3.1, 95% CI: 1.5 to 6.1, p = 0.05) IgE sensitization was frequent among rhinitis and no-rhinitis subjects, and it was similar to dog (29.7% vs. 20.5%) and cat (18.8% vs. 8.8%) components. Polysensitization for dog (3.1, 95% CI: 1.5 to 6.1, p = 0.05) IgE sensitization was frequent among rhinitis and no-rhinitis subjects, and it was similar to dog (29.7% vs. 20.5%) and cat (18.8% vs. 8.8%) components. Polysensitization for dog (3.1, 95% CI: 1.5 to 6.1, Conclusions Sensitization to pet dander extract identifies atopic patients, but its utility to predict clinical relevance is poor. Allergenic components could help to define the clinical relevance of sensitization to furry animals and could reduce the need for provocation test.
Highlights
Atopy to pets is considered an important risk factor for respiratory allergic diseases [1, 2]
Patients over six years old were selected from a population of individuals who were diagnosed with rhinitis and attended to the allergy service for skin prick test (SPT)
41 (40.5%) patients had a self-report of respiratory exacerbation with dog contact and 20 (29.4%) with cats; when focusing on pet ownership patients, 32% (8 of 25 patients) had a selfreport of symptoms with dog (p = 0:2) and 40% (6 of 15 patients) with cat (p = 0:2), without significant differences with control group
Summary
Atopy to pets is considered an important risk factor for respiratory allergic diseases [1, 2]. Similar to what happens with allergy to food or pollen grains [9, 10], several studies based in patient’s self-report suggest a relationship between furry animal allergen components and the risk of asthma, rhinitis, and the severity of these allergic diseases [11,12,13], but few studies verify this association with objective measures. The aim of this study was to evaluate pet dander extract and molecular components from cats and dogs, as specific markers of clinical response according to the results of nasal provocation test (NPT). Polysensitization for dog (3.1, 95% CI: 1.5 to 6.1, p < 0:001) or cat (2.5, 95% CI: 0.8 to 8.0, p = 0:01) components was the principal risk factor for a positive nasal provocation test. Pet ownership or asthma was not associated with increased risk of atopy or positive nasal provocation test. Allergenic components could help to define the clinical relevance of sensitization to furry animals and could reduce the need for provocation test
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