Abstract
Introduction: Nasal anthropometry is a study that deals with the measurements of the proportion, size, and shape of nose. The nasal index is considered as one of the major landmarks for craniofacial surgery, gender differentiation, and ethnic identity. This study is aimed to provide baseline data of the nasal index of Nepalese people and to assess the gender variation which will be of clinical, surgical interest in rhinology and craniofacial prosthetic purpose.
 Methods: BDS students from 17 to 25 years with various ethnicity were included in the study. A total of 160 students with an equal number of male and female students was included. Nasal parameters were measured and the nasal index was calculated for each student.
 Result: The mean nasal index was 78.03±7.07 suggesting Mesorrhine type of nose. The nasal width and height show statistically significant difference whereas there was no significant difference found between the nasal indices of male and female students. Hill Janajati showed the highest nasal index followed by Newar, Brahmin and Chettri; and Others.
 Conclusion: The study concludes the type of nose has an effect on gender when compared between the sex but the nasal index calculated to have a little contribution to sexual dimorphism. Mesorrhine nose were found to be most frequent. Among the population, Hill Janajati showed highest nasal index. We recommend a further study to compare the nasal index of various ethnical groups of Nepalese population.
Highlights
Nasal anthropometry is a study that deals with the measurements of the proportion, size and shape of nose
A study conducted on Tharu and Mongoloid population aged between 25-45 years Eastern Nepal, supposed to be the only study that included two different ethnical groups; concluded that the nasal index among the Mongoloid male and female were 74.6 and 75.9 respectively with Mesorrhine type whereas the nasal index of Tharu male and female were 83.8 and 82.4 respectively fall under the mesorrhine type but have the broader nose.[11]
The population sample representing Nepalese population with the mean nasal index of 78.03 fall within Mesorrhine type with moderate or medium size nose, even in four different ethnical groups that were included in this study showed to have Mesorrhine type of nose
Summary
Nasal anthropometry is a study that deals with the measurements of the proportion, size and shape of nose. 3D scans and digitizers have been used to study the nose.[2] Among these methods anthropometric measurements provide an important source of information for anthropologist which is an inexpensive and non-invasive technique to assess body size, shape and proportions.[3]. Anthropometric study is scientific method and technique for displaying different measurement and observation on the human being as well as skeleton which are very important area for craniofacial surgery and syndromology.[4] Nasal anthropometry is a study that deals with the measurements of the proportion, size as well as shape of nose of human being[5].
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