Abstract
Background Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a frequent cause of serious health problems with high morbidity and mortality. The risk of S. aureus infections is increased with the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). This study aims to determine the nasal carriage rate of both S. aureus and MRSA among schoolchildren in Sana'a city. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2018 to May 2020. Five hundred and thirty-six students were enrolled. Their age ranged from 5 to 19 years with the mean age and standard deviation equal to 13.3 ± 3.5 years. Nasal swabs were collected from each student for culturing and methicillin susceptibility testing. Results Students with positive culture were 271 (51%) males and 265 (49%) females. S. aureus was isolated from 129 (24%) students whereas the overall prevalence of MRSA was 8 (1.5%). S. aureus was significantly recovered from students at the age group of 10–14 years (χ2 = 7.02; p=0.03), females than males (OR = 1.96; χ2 = 10.75; p=0.001), and students who were admitted into hospitals (OR = 1.6; χ2 = 4.89; p=0.03). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between MRSA carriage and students' age (χ2 = 2.3; p=0.32), gender (OR = 1.02; χ2 = 0.001; p=0.63), and hospital admission (OR = 1.4; χ2 = 0.25; p=0.62). Conclusions The prevalence of MRSA is low among schoolchildren in Sana'a city. Age, gender, and previous hospital admission were statistically associated with nasal carriage of S. aureus but not MRSA nasal carriage.
Highlights
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a frequent cause of serious health problems with high morbidity and mortality. e risk of S. aureus infections is increased with the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). is study aims to determine the nasal carriage rate of both S. aureus and MRSA among schoolchildren in Sana’a city
Methicillin resistance is due to the acquisition of the methicillin resistance gene integrated into the chromosomal element. e mecA gene encodes an altered penicillin-binding protein 2a or 2′ (PBP2a or PBP2′) which permits S. aureus to grow in the presence of methicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics [7]
Nasal carriage of S. aureus is approximately 20–30% of healthy individuals with high permanent colonization among children [25, 26]. e emergence of MRSA infections has become a worrying problem in the clinical field because MRSA strains are resistant to many antibiotics β-lactam classes [27]. e purpose of this study was to estimate the nasal carriage rate and methicillin resistance of S. aureus among schoolchildren in Sana’a city
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a frequent cause of serious health problems with high morbidity and mortality. e risk of S. aureus infections is increased with the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). is study aims to determine the nasal carriage rate of both S. aureus and MRSA among schoolchildren in Sana’a city. E risk of S. aureus infections is increased with the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Is study aims to determine the nasal carriage rate of both S. aureus and MRSA among schoolchildren in Sana’a city. S. aureus was isolated from 129 (24%) students whereas the overall prevalence of MRSA was 8 (1.5%). Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive, roundshaped, catalase- and coagulase-positive bacterium It is a frequent cause of serious health problems with high morbidity and mortality. Methicillin successfully controlled the infection caused by penicillin-resistant S. aureus strains. Only 2 years later after methicillin use in treatment, isolation of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains was reported. E mecA gene encodes an altered penicillin-binding protein 2a or 2′ (PBP2a or PBP2′) which permits S. aureus to grow in the presence of methicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics [7] Methicillin resistance is due to the acquisition of the methicillin resistance (mecA) gene integrated into the chromosomal element. e mecA gene encodes an altered penicillin-binding protein 2a or 2′ (PBP2a or PBP2′) which permits S. aureus to grow in the presence of methicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics [7]
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